Bupivacaine Hydrochloride Injection

Bupivacaine is indicated for local infiltration, peripheral nerve block, sympathetic nerve block, and epidural and caudal blocks. It is sometimes used in combination with epinephrine to prevent systemic absorption and extend the duration of action. The 0.75% (most concentrated)formulation is used in retrobulbar block. It is the most commonly used local anesthetic in epidural anesthesia during labor, as well as in post operative pain management.  Liposomal formulations of bupivacaine are no more effective than plain solutions of bupivacaine.